H01

Vincent is Coming Home
Matisse: "Dessert, Harmony in Red" (1908 - 09)
Vang Gogh: "Sunflowers" (1888), "The Painter on the Road to Tarascon" (1888)

The sublime interior of Matisse's "Dessert, Harmony in Red" has become Van Gogh's home, and a pattern of Van Gogh's "Sunflowers" adorns the wallpaper and tablecloth. Van Gogh's wife, a graceful Arlesian woman, prepares dessert for the happy artist, returning home from a long day of painting under the sun.

Thus, in Chen's adaptation, Vincent van Gogh has finally attained the family intimacy and artistic recognition which he so earnestly craved throughout his lonely life.
(T. F. Chen and Julie Chen)

H02

Early Bird
Van Gogh: "The Sower with Setting Sun" (1888)

In a detailed description of the painting "Sower with Setting Sun" (1888) to his brother Theo, Vincent van Gogh wrote:

I now have behind me a week of hard and busy work in the wheat fields under the hot sun; as a result, I have studies of wheat fields, landscapes and- a sketch of a sower. In a plowed field, a big field with violet clods of earth ascending toward the horizon, a sower in blue and white. At the horizon, a field with short ripe stalks of grain. Above all this, a yellow sky with a yellow sun.

The original reference of the sower is Millet's "Sower" which Van Gogh translated into oil. Van Gogh loved Millet's art, particularly his artworks on peasants. Van Gogh considered the everyday life of farmers an excellent motif and copied many of Millet's etchings into oil paintings.

In Chen's new version of the "Sower with Setting Sun," the original sunset was transformed into a brilliant sun ascending out of the horizon. Amid this vast color-field, the solitary figure of Van Gogh, equipped for outdoor painting, strolls thoughtfully. Although Chen's painting looks completely different from Van Gogh's original, the relationship of the structure is kept unchanged: the sun rises at the middle of the horizon beyond the artist, who walks on the right-hand side, between the furrow of colorful tulips in blossom.

In this painting, Chen imagined that our Van Gogh had returned to his homeland. Delighted by the splendid flowering of tulip-fields, the artist rushed out into the early morning to greet and paint them. From such passionate love and dedication, of course we can expect Van Gogh to bring about a masterpiece from his palette. (As the proverb says, "The early bird gets the best seeds.") (T. F. and Julie Chen)

H03

Guard Them for Harvest

In this painting, Dr. Chen transforms two of Vincent van Gogh's artworks: "Wheat Field with a Skylark" and "Self-Portrait."

Vincent painted "Wheat Field with a Skylark" in the summer of 1887. "Self-Portrait (with Straw Hat)" was also painted in 1887, now at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in NY, was one of the extraordinary series of Van Gogh's self-portraits which begun in the summer of 1887 and continued until February 1888 when he left Paris for Provence. Evidently, during almost two years in Paris, Vincent had integrated and surpassed Impressionism to go beyond atmospheric searching in chromatic expression and Divisionism (Pointillism) to achieve an emotional and visionary expression through his violent brushstrokes and blazing color contrast.

Van Gogh's "The Wheatfield with a Skylark" is a painting of open-air subject favored at that time. Here the choice of motif is simple, yet rooted deep in Vincent's love of nature, peasant life, and the Earth. Here, a simple section of a golden wheat field is seen with a skylark hovering low above the fields under a breezy serene sky. The stalks, quivering in the wind, wait to be harvested.

In Chen's version of the wheat field, a straw man stands in the middle of the scene to scare off crows! A portrait of Vincent with a straw hat is taken as the model for the straw man, with arms outstretched, holding a palette in one hand, and brushes in the other. Seen from afar, with the golden sun rising behind him, the scarecrow takes the form of a Cross.

Ripened stalks in a field
Each grain, nourished in toil, in pain
Don't let the crows eat them out
Sacrificing himself
Standing as a Cross
Uncle Vincent
Guarding
Cultural Crops

(T. F. and Julie Chen)

H04

Working Hard
Van Gogh: "The Siesta" (1890)
T. F. Millet: "The Gleaners" (1857)

Copying after the works of masters is considered an effective way to learn good practice for beginning artists.

In the spring of 1881, Vincent van Gogh decided to devote his life to art. An admirer of Jean-Francois Millet's etchings, Vincent produced his first two studies after Millet's "Sower" (1850) and "Mower" (1862) in pen and pencil, washed with watercolors. In Paris, Vincent studied the Japanese Ukiyo-e of Hiroshige and Yeisen, and copied their works in oil colors. Again, when he stayed in the asylum at St. Remy, Vincent copied after works of other beloved artists. Based chiefly on black-and-white reproductions, in 1890, Vincent painted after Rembrandt van Rijin's "The Raising of Lazarus," Honore Daumier's "Man Drinking," Eugene Delacroix's "Pieta" and "The Good Samaritan;" and several of Millet's works, including "The Siesta," one of "The Four Hours of the Day."

Van Gogh felt that such kind of copying after esteemed masters was not merely copying, but rather "translation" as well as "creation." In a letter to his brother Theo, Vincent wrote that copying after Millet's "The Siesta," was like "translating into another language, the language of color," as he sought to express the subject in "soft blues and lavender, color with which the complimentary yellow plays an important part."
Translation? Or interpretation? Has a new artwork come into birth?

Using a study of Millet's as a model, Van Gogh painted in oil a pleasant couple taking a nap under the shadow of some haystacks during the harvest season. To this scene, Chen added the famous image of Millet's "Gleaners" (1857) onto the left-hand side, as well as a figure of Van Gogh in the middle of the canvas busy painting them under the serene autumn sky.

Millet lived a half-century earlier than Van Gogh, who in turn, lived a half-century earlier than Dr. Chen. In Chen's new painting, these three hard working artists from three different countries and three different eras, share a mysterious connection as art allows them to intersect time and overlap expressions.

In his "Neo-Iconography" style, Dr. Chen weaves together familiar icons from the wide spectrum of world cultures, time and space, and art history to create new artworks with added dimensions of meaning and beauty. This concept of "assumptive situations" through "united time-space relationships" is also related to Post-Modernism.
(by Julie Chen)

H05

Watching TV
Van Gogh: "Potato Eaters" (1885)
"Peasant with Sickle, Seen from the Back" (1885)

The "Potato Eaters" by Vincent van Gogh comes from his early years, when he trained in oil paintings of a Dutch-style realism. The work reflects the down-to-earth, often harsh reality of peasant life with its endless toil and suffering, painted with a somber gravity of straightforward and often crude craftsmanship; yet this work is no doubt a masterpiece due to its expression, compassion and love. We see the artist's sincerity as he strives to intimately reveal, an anguished searching of the soul, transcendence above daily burdens, as the lamp enlightens the potato eaters fathered around the table.

In "Watching TV," Chen slightly changes their sitting position so that all of the family members can gather round and enjoy the fruits of their labors, relax a bit as they unwind in front of their TV, which is now a past-time almost universal in our everyday experience in this technology age. The TV acts as a window to the world's activities which enter every household, rich and poor alike, to unify the world-family. Whether you are a fisherman or diplomat, scholar or merchant, you are a member of this global village.

In the closing ceremony of the Annual Conference of the State of the World Forum in San Francisco, 1998, Chen remarked: "In our age of computers and communication, not only do we need hardware and software, but also Soulware."

High technology transcends the world, now we must ask, what shall transcend technology? Moreover, how shall we maintain true human connection along with these technological advances in this upcoming age?
(T. F. and Julie Chen)

H06

Saint Vincent
Van Gogh: "Seft-Portrait" (1888), "The Sower" (1888), "Sower with Setting Sun" (1888)

In some ways, Vincent van Gogh can be considered a saint.
Born in an evangelical family, and once devoted to becoming a preacher, Van Gogh, often sought his refuge in God. He knew the Bible well, and also studied the literature of such humanistic authors as Victor Hugo, Emile Zola, Jules Michelet, and Charles Dickens. However, because of his unconventional method of preaching, Van Gogh had been rejected early on from pursuing a religious vacation. Finally, when he was twenty-seven years old, Vincent discovered his salvation through art. From that moment on until his suicide at thirty-seven, we see one of the most astonishing and moving struggles of an artist, as he suffered through pain, misunderstandings, and isolation, to reach his creative climax.

Yet in just ten years of artistic activity, Van Gogh blazed through this world like a meteor, and now emerges as a giant in art history. Once exiled for his madness, Van Gogh is now acclaimed for his genius. The intense passion which destroyed him, also gave the world some of the most beautiful artwork we have ever seen. An explorer of the inner self, a seer of a true, richer universe, Vincent van Gogh serves as an inspiration to all.

In this "Saint Vincent," Chen pays homage to one of his favorite artists.

Inspired by Van Gogh at an early age, Chen decided to be an artist and went to Paris to study at l'Ecole des Beaux Arts in the 1960's. He obtained his PhD in art history from la Sorbonne and afterwards, traveled to Arles and Auvers to visit the sites painted by Van Gogh. Chen was so deeply influenced by Van Gogh that on the occasion of the centennial worldwide celebration of Vincent's death in 1990, Chen painted 100 paintings dedicated to the artists as a "Post-Van Gogh Series." "Saint Vincent" is one of these.

In this painting, Chen brought together two of Van Gogh's works. One of them is his self-portrait, which as he described to his sister Wil as "look[ing] Japanese..... conceived as a bronze, a simple worshipper of the eternal Buddha." The other one is Vincent's "Sower with Setting Sun" (1888) which also had Japanese influence. The dark silhouette of the tree runs diagonally across the picture, reminiscent of the Hiroshige print with the slanting plum tree that Vincent had copied in Paris.
( by Julie Chen)

H07 Van Gogh-Pope
Velazquez: "Pope Innocent X", 1650, Galleria Doria-Pamphile, Rome
Van Gogh: "Self-Portrait in Front of Easel", 1888, Vincent van Gogh National Museum, Amsterdam


Chen takes his time machine in the other direction, back in time to bring in Diego Velasquez (1599-1660), Spain's greatest painter of all time.

Although appointed as painter to the court, Velasquez was allowed to make voyages to Italy. On the second of them he painted Pope Innocent X, the head of the Roman Catholic Church, in sumptuous red harmonies.

In voyaging from Warhol to Velasquez, Chen has gone from Pop art to Pope art.

Chen's icon-switcher deposes the Pope from his religious throne and crowns the secular Van Gogh in his stead. A few years ago Morris L. West wrote The Shoes of the Fisherman, a novel about a modernday Cardinal who began giving away the wealth of the Vatican when he was elevated to the Papacy. Chen is playing a slightly different game. His Pope holds a check which says, "Pay to the order of Vincent Van Gogh, One Billion and Six (hundred thousand dollars)." The check is drawn on the Bank of the Whole World and the account is held by the Whole world Company."

Chen means to laud Van Gogh and his contribution to art but an irony surfaces. If the best Van Gogh paintings in the world's museums were put on the auction market, $1.6 billion would not be enough to buy them.
(by Laurence Jeppson)
H08 She Loves Van Gogh

The two icons of this painting come from Diego Velasquez' "The Toilet of Venus" (c. 1649-50), now at the National Gallery of London, and Vincent van Gogh's "Self-Portrait" (1888), now in John Hay Whitney's Collection. The masterpieces were created approximately two and a half centuries apart from each other. In the original artwork by Velasquez, Venus gazes at herself through a mirror held by an angel. In Chen's interpretation, Venus now looks fondly upon one of Vincent van Gogh's self-portraits.

Is the Goddess of Love selecting a painting for herself? Or is she looking back at her old lover? Perhaps she is passing the time as she waits for her lover to return? Does the Goddess love the artist or the artwork?

If you were Venus, what would be your answer? - An intriguing questions for post-modern art.
(T. F. and Julie Chen)
H09 Chatting About Vincent

In Jan Vermeer's original artwork, "The Soldier and the Young Girl Smiling," (1632-75) a sailor's map hangs upon the wall as a conventional decoration in a Dutch household of the 17th Century. In Chen's work, the two people remain the same, but we find Vincent Van Gogh's canvas, "Coal Barges, (1888)" temporarily hung up upon the wall instead, waiting to be framed.

Thus a story develops:
The brilliant sunset sky with its warm reflections upon the river cuts a rich silhouette of the coal barges with workers and a French flag in view. Vincent has just finished this painting and has sent it to Holland via the Dutch soldier as a gift to the delighted young girl. After hanging up the painting for all to admire, she joyfully chats with the gift-bearer, thanking him for the gift's safe delivery. Perhaps the girl is Van Gogh's sister or lover; perhaps they are chatting about Vincent in Arles and of his wonderful artistic achievements.

Of course, such a scenario can only be possible in art, not in reality. For example, this conversation scene took place in the 17th Century and Van Gogh painted Coal Barges in Arles in 1888. Moreover, the lightened glass window is a design after Mondrian, anther Dutch master, but of the 20th Century.

Thus, Chen's brush renders three-hundred years in one stroke on one canvas; gathering Vermeer, Van Gogh, and Mondrian together into a small corner of a Dutch chamber, enchanted by the light pouring in through the window.
(by Julie Chen)
H10

Good-wisher
Jan van Eyck: "Giovann: Arnolfini and His Wife" (1434)
Van Gogh: "Self-Portrait" (1886)
Chagall: "The Lights of the Wedding" (1945)

Combining images from Jan van Eyck, Vincent van Gogh, and Marc Chagall; the artist Dr. T.F. Chen weaves together a happy story in this painting.

The shy and happy Dutch bride is supposed to be Van Gogh's sister. In 1888, while Vincent was at the height of his painterly creation in Arles, he received a letter announcing the news of his sister's wedding. Unable to attend the joyous event, Vincent sent a portrait of his to his sister as blessing and present. The bridegroom is a Jew, perhaps a well-off merchant, and so we see Chagall's angel, musician, seven candles and wedding canopy floating above the couple in their marital bedroom. In Van Eyck's original painting, a mirror behind the couple reflects well-wishers bidding farewell and leaving the chamber. In Chen's interpretation, the mirror is replaced by Van Gogh's portrait, which carries his eternal blessing upon the newlyweds.
( by Julie Chen )

H11

Golden Triangle of Post-Impressionism
Cezanne: "Young Mon with Red Jacket" (1890 - 95)
Van Gogh: "Dr. Paul Gachet" (1890)
Gauguin: "O. Taiti (Nevermore)" (1897)

Paul Cezanne, Vincent van Gogh, and Paul Gauguin are universally regarded as the three masters of Post-Impressionism, each in his own grandiose style and expression.

Cezanne's art stands out with his geometric serenity of structure. With firm, solid brushstrokes, he captured form and value with color, digging out the inner order of nature in its essence. With bright, yet earth-toned colors, Cezanne constructed space in two-dimensions. He was fond of the intellectual analysis of forms, arranging them in an organic color harmony. The psychology of Cezanne's figures mattered little, he was not interested in their thoughts nor their emotions, but in their form. "I want to astonish Paris with an apple," he stated.

Van Gogh, on the other hand, liked to express human emotions and passions: love, hatred, despair, hope, suffering, desire, longing for eternity and for God. He once said, "I have sought to paint with red and green the terrible human passions." To Van Gogh, nature pulses, forms swell and crackle, trees twist like flames, nebulae unfurl. He sought to directly impact human emotion, sometime creating shock by his employment of intense tones. He believed in the primary importance of color to express the state of mind that the model represented. With color, Van Gogh tried to convey the inner vitality of the objects, of the scenes he depicted. With particular contorted touches and short winding lines, Van Gogh strived to express the psychology of the figures as well as the landscapes. Physiognomy was but a pretext, Van Gogh tried to catch the light, soul, and God-image beyond the appearances before him.

As for Gauguin, his exotic, poetic subject matter and his nostalgic, dreamy, symbolic themes made him a master of imagination. Gauguin was a civilized primitive, or a wild European, longing for an escape to the garden of Eden, "an escape to the woods of an island in the South Seas, (to) live there in ecstasy, calm, and art." An intellectual primitive, Gauguin painted with instinct as well as theory. He loved colors and arabesque decorativeness; he tried to use them to construct an Eden of exotic grandeur and mystical simplicity in a wild harmony, sometimes pushing towards abstraction. Gauguin designed his color areas with disregard for the conventions of realism. His values were the psychological impact of color, the orchestration of rich tones echoing in correspondence -- which evoke with unparalleled freshness, the feeling of Paradise.

In this three-in-one Post-Impressionist painting, Chen selected three icons from those three grand masters and constructed them in a pyramid shape. Cezanne's "Young Man with Red Jacket" (1890-95) on the left-hand side, Van Gogh's "Dr. Paul Gachet" (1890) on the right-hand side, and above them, lying on the bed, is Gauguin's "O. Taiti (Nevermore)" (1897), immobile, naked, with open eyes, an antique beauty, an exotic girl, an immemorial youth of nature.

These three familiar figures from European art history differ in color: Cezanne's young man is in white and red, Van Gogh's Dr. Gachet, in ultramarine blue, and Gauguin's lady is golden brown. They are pulled together by the strong red color of the pyramid shape in the center of the painting, which is originally the extension of Dr. Gachet's table on which he rests his right elbow and left hand. This red color, while intensifying the three figures, unifies them with its commending power of the pigment.

There is another element quite central to the whole balance and harmony of the artwork -- the white spot upon the red table. It exists already in Cezanne's original work, but Chen reshaped the rectangle and saturated the white to coordinate it with the rest of the painting. It reflects the boy's white shirt as well as Dr. Gachet's cap and collar, along with Gauguin's white bed sheet and the silvery nackles upon the bed. This white shape upon the red table carries the painting's center point.

Even though these three subjects were borne from different masters and in different styles and expressions, we find a unity in them, due in part to the similar positions of their hands. Cezanne's young man and Dr. Gachet, both rest their heads upon their elbows (though in opposition) with another hand on the table. As for Gauguin's declining lady, she rests her head on her left palm while her other arm lies in a 90-degree angle.

These three grand masters naturally form a golden triangle in art history, bearing its suggestion in the geography of the Golden Triangle in South East Asia. In the art market recently, Van Gogh's "Dr. Paul Gachet" (another version) broke historical records with the high price it procured at an international auction. Imagine, one masterpiece from Van Gogh is valued at more than $80 million, if we add a Cezanne and a Gauguin, how much would it be then?
(by T. F. and Julie Chen )

H12 Picasso Invading Van Gogh's Studio
Picasso: "Self-Portrait", 1906. Philadelphia, Museum of Art.
"Les Demoiselles D' Avignon", 1907. Museum of Modern Art, NY
"Young Faun Dancing", 1946. Antibes
"Woman with a Hat", 1945, Paris, Collection Georges Salles
"The Enamel Saucepan", 1945. National Museum of Modern Art, Paris
"Guernica", 1937. Madrid,
Van Gogh: "Self-Portrait with Bandaged Ear and Pipe", 1889, private collection
"Sleeping Room of the Artist in Arles", 1888. Laren Coll. V.w. van Gogh


Chen has played a supergame with Gogh's famous "Sleeping Room of the Artist in Arles" by making it a rambunctious haven for Picasso icons. As if he were decorating a Taiwanese temple, he has filled very inch of space with symbols, even opening the bedroom windows to allow the space of sky to be filled with intruders.

This delightful jumble needs to be taken apart like a Chinese puzzle.

It is doubtful that any painting could be more saturated with Picasso memorabilia: they sleep in the bed, stand in the foreground, sit on the chair, repose on the table, are traced on the floor, hang from the walls, fill the window.

This extraordinary piece will never cease to beguile, as the viewer plays with the images. Even after every icon has been identified, the cunning and bravado of importations, manipulations, and juxtapositions will continue to torment.
( by Laurence Jeppson )
H13 Cezanne Using Van Gogh's Studio

Though already established in his art career, Paul Gezanne answered the call to pay Vincent van Gogh a visit. It wasn't inconvenient - Arles is pretty close to Aix-en-Provence. You just take a train, pass Lunel, Nime, and Tarascon; then you will arrive at Arles. Once you reach the station, just make a turn, and the Yellow House is right there on Lamartine Square.

Cezanne visited with his wife, the woman depicted in his "Wife at Coffee Pot" (1893-94). Cezanne himself appeared as he did in his self-portrait, "Au Chapeau Melon" (1883-87). He brought with him three canvases which he hung upon the walls to recreate a feel of his own studio to help inspire him to paint: "Young Man with Red Jacket" (1890-95), "Portrait of Mme. Cezanne in Red" (c. 1890), and "Portrait of Victor Chocquet" (1876-77). During his sojourn, Cezanne painted a vase, a jar and some apples as a "Still Life" (c. 1877) which he placed upon a table near the window. Looking out we see a view of the famous "Mte. Sainte-Vicotire, Environs de Gardanne" (1885-86). Van Gogh was absent at the time, but he left tow canvases in the room as his symbolic presence. Vincent's "Still Life with Coffee Pot" (1888) hangs upon the wall next to the window; and his "Still Life with Pots, Jars, and Bottles" (1884) hangs alongside the wall among Cezanne's works.

Such a scenario is realizable only conceptually of course, and sparks the imagination with amused delight. Van Gogh's room remains the same with his big, brown bed, white pillows and scarlet blanket. The floor, walls window, door table, mirror, and napkin rest there intact. Yet the bedroom has now become Cezanne's empire, and his figures, taste, style, color and touch dominate. Van Gogh's room has become a pretext, as Cezanne manifests his art in this painting, or, as Chen presents Cezanne through this visit, or rather, as Cezanne -- Van Gogh -- Chen are entangled in this presentation!

This is but one of the many amazing simulacrums of the post-modern phenomenon that exist in Dr. Chen's "New-Iconography." ( by Julie Chen )
H14 Matisse is Happy Using Van Gogh's Studio
Van Gogh: "Bedroom of the Artist, in Arles", 1888, Vincent van Gogh National Museum, Amsterdam
"The Sower", 1889, Foundation E.G. Buhrle Collection, Zurich
Matisse: "Odalisque with Tambourine", 1926, Collection Mr. and Mrs. William S. Paley, New York City
"Nu Rose", 1935, Museum of Art, Baltimore
"Paper Cut", 1952, #197
Photo of Matisse in His Apartment in Nice, 1928


Sometimes houseguests take over. The studio bedroom is Van Gogh's all right. That's his bed. He painted it in his own pictures, and that's a Van Gogh work hanging by a cord on the black wall behind the bedhead.

But all the rest is Matisse, particularly the two figures. The odalisque dominates the room - and dominates the picture and the viewer. It is only on second glance that one notes the Matisse potted plant, the Matisse paper cutouts, and the Matisse Rose Nude. One cannot help wondering what Van Gogh, a onetime mission preacher, would think if he entered the room and found her in this state of receptivity. After all, how many nudes did he paint?
( by Laurence Jeppson )
H15

Celebrating Chagall's Birghday at Van Gogh's Studio

Some consider the artwork of Marc Chagall "fantastical" and "mysterious," with his swirling primary colors and endearing images of horses eating violins and fiddlers playing on roofs. Chagall, however, has always viewed his art as "reality." The master once wrote:

There are no fairy tales in my paintings, nor any fables or popular legends. I am against the terms "fantasy" and "symbolism." Our whole inner world is reality, perhaps more real still than the apparent world. To apply the words fantasy or fairy tale to everything that seems illogical is to admit one doesn't understand nature.

Marc Chagall was born on July 7th, 1887. In 1910, feeling "as though driven by fate," he arrived in Paris. In 1915, he returned to his hometown Vitebsk where a girl he knew since 1909, Bella Rosenfeld, visited him on his birthday. Eighteen days later they married, and this incident gave birth to Chagall's masterpiece, "The Birthday," which he completed in 1923. Chagall remarked.

For my birthday in 1915, Bella arrived with a bouquet. This reality was immediately transformed in me, a chemical process was set in motion; memory, recollection do the same. Monet was faithful to the trees that stood before him, but those were the trees he needs. In the same way, I start with an initial concrete and spiritual shock, with a precise thing, and proceed towards something more abstract."

In Dr. T. F. Chen's presentation of Chagall visiting Vincent van Gogh's studio, we see Chagall and his fiance soaring in the air, kissing happily. On the lower left-hand side, Chagall in his "Self-Portrait with Seven Fingers" (1911-12) appears. Some photos of Chagall, Bella, and their daughter Ida, as well as a tapestry from Chagall's childhood hang upon the wall. Also, Van Gogh's "Portrait of Armond Roulin" (1888) hangs near the window as a witness to Vincent's connection with his studio. The rest of Vincent's "Bedroom of the Artist, in Arles" (1888) remains the same; the setting appears to be real, while the persons, surreal.

But no! According to Chagall himself, the flying couple and the seven-fingered painter comprise the true reality, even their visit to Van Gogh must be real. Thus, Chen did not forge this imaginary scenario, rather, the dream of Chen and the dream of Chagall became true in this painting!

So, T. F. Chen's "Post - Van Gogh Series" and his other "Neo-Iconography" artworks are not merely copies nor assumptions, but artistic truth. Indeed, art does reveal and realize our beautiful inner world, the illogical, mysterious, fantastic, and creative universe that we all contain!
(by T. F. and Julie Chen)

H16 Picasso Visitng Van Gogh Again

In Dr. T.F. Chen's "Post - Van Gogh Series," Pablo Picasso visited Vincent Van Gogh twice. In his early stages of his career, Picasso arrived, invading Van Gogh's studio with his cubistic "Avignon" ladies. The second time, in his relatively old age, Picasso appeared with a portrait of Jacqueline, his second wife, and a ceramic work which he hung up upon the wall.
It seems that Picasso is very fond of being Van Gogh's guest, and immediately makes himself at home. This time, he's also brought a "Family of Acrobats with an Ape" (1950) his early companions, and a lady from "The Dream" (1932) from his synthetic cubistic period with smooth, strong coloring. Both Picasso and Van Gogh are creative and energetic. Through the window, we see Vincent returning home form the fields where he's been painting all day, under a bright summer sky. Behind him are his "Gypsy Caravans, Bohemian Camp Site"(1888) and hanging upon the wall is his "Public Garden with Weeping Trees"(1888).

In Chen's painting, Van Gogh's bright outdoor paintings (including the depiction of himself) contrast strongly with Picasso's indoor artistic environment, blue and pink in tone.
On one hand, Chen uses his "Visiting Van Gogh Series," as an opportunity to manifest the many different art styles of different masters, with Vincent's bedroom serving as the background for the presentation. Yet Chen does so in such an inventive, harmonious, and aesthetically pleasing way, that the resulting new artwork abounds with added dimensions of beauty and meaning.

For example, in Chen's "Picasso Visiting Van Gogh Again," the five distinctly different styles of Picasso co-exist organically in this one canvas. A Japanese artist, Riichiro Kawashima, once asked Henri Matisse what he thought of Picasso. Matisse answered, "He is capricious and unpredictable. But he understands things." Thus, Picasso knows very deeply how to paint, and he boldly explores his abilities and expands his styles.

In this painting, Chen has attempted to arrange Picasso's five different styles and Van Gogh's four paintings in a capricious, unpredictable, yet logical and concordant composition. I wonder what Matisse would say of Chen's endeavor? ( by Julie Chen )
H17 Miro Visiting Van Gogh

According to Dr. Chen, the most original, creative persons in plastic art of the 20th Century are Picasso, Matisse, Miro, Chagall, Kandinsky, and Dubuffet. A few of them - Picasso, Matisse, and Kandinsky - initiated their own schools and became central figures of the movements; the others - Chagall, Miro, and Dubuffet - though attracted to movements in some ways, distinguished themselves rather by their personal, particular styles which stand out memorably in art history.

Miro distinguished himself by a kind of childish, yet highly sophisticated outpouring of primary colors and primitive forms. He created a new vocabulary in somewhat archaic pictograms of his own, developed through years of experimentation and discovery. Though slightly influenced by Cubism at the beginning, and Surrealism at another time, Miro's world, things became symbols, colors separated from objects, and objects returned to signs and pictograms. In Miro's art, physics became metaphysics, and reality, mythology. All of this resulted only by an act of magic in Miro's color and line.

In this painting of "Mior Visiting Van Gogh," Miro appears in Van Gogh's studio in his early self-portrait: "Young Man in Red Jacket" (1919). Van Gogh stands behind him, or perhaps it is Van Gogh's ghost who is there to greet him. Like every artist who must arrange his environment before beginning to create, Miro has already painted the wall with his bird pictograms in primary hues and sinuous lines. He has painted the bed with signs as well. The chair, door, window, even the air outside of the window, all become art and stand as sculptures of his. The only object left untouched is a canvas by the window; Van Gogh's "Olive Trees" painted in 1889 at St. Remy.

In fact, this artwork a la Miro is Chen's invention. Besides Miro's self-portrait and the arabesque birds on the wall, all of this quasi-Miro decoration is Chen's assimilation of Miro's motif and style. Van Gogh's "Self-Portrait with Severed Ear" appears timidly behind Miro. His presence together with Miro's majestic appearance in the room counterbalance the bird painting upon the wall and the black designs on the bed. Around the window, the framed squares and rectangles keep the vivid colors and sharp forms in a stable position which integrates the rest of the painting by enriching it. ( by T. F. and Julie Chen )

H18 G. Braque Using Van Gogh's Studio

Being a "Fauve" in his early years, Georges Braque is nevertheless an initiator-promotor of Cubism paralleled to Picasso. Unlike Picasso who reintroduced Classicism in his art, Braque remained rather faithful to Cubism. This does not mean that he changed little, on the contrary, Braque evolved from Analytic Cubism to a kind of Synthetic Cubism, by integrating collage, sand, imitation wood and marble; all of these revealed tactile texture and controlled color. He constructed with the forms of objects; he brought about a new pictorial spatiality in an interior rhythm, with an inner light embracing the entire painting.

Compared to Picasso who was a revolutionary in Classic and Expressionist tendency, Braque was a researcher of new esthetic expression, a seeker in the laboratory of forms and colors, always measured, calculated, precise and constructive. Braque strived for an inner order and an organized harmony where emotion could be incorporated into rationalism - resulting in an austere yet poetic, condensed yet spiritual art.

In Chen's "Georges Braque Visiting Van Gogh," our artist at Arles has left three paintings in his studio. Near the window, we see a canvas of "Irises"(1890); on the wall alongside the bed, the "Portrait of Eugene Boch" (1888); and on the floor against the bed, a canvas of "Wheat Sheaves"(1885). These three canvases shine brightly in the room where Georges Braque is painting a model ( "The Painter and his Model", 1939 ) in his Synthetic, Cubistic style. Her muted colors offer a subdued harmony. Braque has repainted Van Gogh's bed in an imitation wood texture, one of his favorite techniques as he was an expert in using black and white. The artist has also glued a sheet of white paper to the plank of the bed, echoing the white vase which cuts through the black canvas on the wall and the "Black Fishes" (1942) on a white plate under the black-white background. This strong contrast of black and white on the right-hand side counterbalances that of the left-hand side where a painter in black shade cuts a creamy white canvas on the easel, spurring an orchestration of light and shadow on the "Still Life" and the model which extend beyond the window. Through the window, the shadowy silhouette of Van Gogh appears in his straw hat under a pale yellow moon. A Braque bird flies overhead in a sea of violet melancholy. ( T. F. and Julie Chen )

H19 Mondrian Joins The Club
Van Gogh: "Bedroom of the Artist, in Arles", Vincent van Gogh National Museum, Amsterdam
Mondrian: "Composition in Black and Blue", 1926, Museum of Art, Philadelphia, Coll. A.E. Gallatin
Photo of Mondrian, 1944 (Mondrian by Hans L.S. Jaffe, Abrams)


Piet Mondrian (1872- 1944), with Wassily Kandinsky (1866-1944) and Kasimir Malevich (1878-1935), was one of the pioneers of abstract art and the greatest painter of twentieth-century geometrical abstraction.

"His dedication and purity of vision have become legendary; the sequence of his works in a mature career of some 35 years constitutes the most scrupulous evolutionary progression, within the tightest margins of trial and error, of probably any Western artist in the history of painting. His aims were lofty and spiritual: he fought constantly against materialism, and he was determined that the world would benefit from the creation of purely abstract environments." (Waldemar Januszczak, Maray Beal, and Edwin Bowes, Techniques of the Great Masters of Art, Chartwell Books, 1985.)

Chen has changed the Van Gogh icons that he retained in the bedroom scene to pure colors Mondrian used so effectively, and he has added to the composition various Mondrian icons and a photo of the artist.

Mondrian's career began in Holland and ended in America, where, because his theories could not be restricted to easel painting, his influence on commercial art was profound.
( by Laurence Jeppson )
H20 Modigliani Visiting Van Gogh

Talented, tempestuous, and Bohemian par excellence, with an eager zeal for self-destruction (through alcohol and hashish), dedicated and handsome, poor yet charming; Amadeo Modigliani (1886-1920) emerged into the Parisien art circle in Montmartre and Montparnasse like a comet. Although possessing an innate elegance and aristocratic manner, Modigliani often found himself penniless and would sit in a bar and sketch pencil portraits of customers in exchange for a drink. Amid the great art movements that were developing around him - Cubism, Abstractionism, and Surrealism - Modigliani remained a traditionalist rather than a revolutionary. Yet his originality and individuality evolved into an intensely personal style of his won.

Modigliani expressed an emotional quality and an idealized sensuality in the treatment of his unique subjects: portraits and nudes. His portraits displayed elongated necks, small heads, oval, seed-like eyes, simplified forms and distorted features. His nudes are erotic and sensual, not like goddesses, but like adult women, very real and very physical, "the nudest of nudes." Their bodies are distorted and elongated in an elegance of form, with graceful lines of such economy and virtuosity!

A kind of cursed artist, Modigliani lived one year short of Vincent Van Gogh, dying at 36. Often looked down upon and rejected by society, the two visionaries would no doubt have been good companions in life and in art.

In Chen's painting of "Modigliani Visiting Van Gogh," we find in the right-hand corner, a portrait of Van Gogh done by Modigliani (or rather a la Modigliani) in his simplified, but profound rendering. To the left, we see Modigliani making a portrait of his lover, Jeanne Hebuterne, who poses in the middle of the room. Van Gogh is absent, perhaps he is painting underneath the Midi sun. Modigliani prefers to work in the studio, with the window closed to the outside world. Inside the studio, Van Gogh has left two canvases: "Tarascon Diligence" (1888), a Bohemian scene, and "Daubigny's Garden" (1890), as if an invitation to come out and work under the sun, its radiant red and brown tones reflecting into the room where the couple are happy for the visit. ( by T. F. and Julie Chen )
H21 G. Rouault Using Van Gogh's Studio

Dr. Chen finished this painting in a vehemence of quick expression under the inspiration of the subject and the new material: the acrylic daylight fluorescent colors.

Taking a photography of Rouault in his studio to serve as a model, Chen arranged for him to appear in Van Gogh's studio, together with a woman. Rouault had painted this model, a naked prostitute, in 1906" "La Fille an Miroir," a work which announced the artist's newfound concern for the human condition.

Born in a cave during the bombardment of Paris in the year of la Commune in 1871, Georges-Henri Rouault was an ascetic hermit in his everyday life and artistic creation. He studied under Gustave Moreau at l'Ecole des Beaux-Arts, where he met Matisse, Marquet, Manguin, Camoin and others - the future protagonists of Fauvism. Yet though surrounded by such inspiring artists, Rouault single-mindedly pursued his own style, concentrating on Biblical motifs and the religious themes of original sin and redemption. Rouault did not participate in the ongoing artistic explorations of new plastic expression and new vocabulary of colors and forms; he also turned away from the optimistic bourgeoisie society of the "belle epoque." Rather, he engaged himself in attacking the injustice and the hypocrisy of the time, through his selected themes: clowns, pierrots, girls, judges, Christ, the abandoned, the poor, the miserable, etc. Rouault presented his marginalized subjects as they strived towards moral aspirations, sometimes with a satiric touch, but always with a laborious rendering in thick colors and strong black contours to catch the very essence of an inner light, a spiritual sublime. Even Rouault's landscapes are reduced to their structural extreme where a few thick black outlines reveal a house, a horse, a tree, a road, and some figures under a brilliant sun, bathed in holy light!

In "Georges Rouault Using Van Gogh's Studio," T.F. Chen, also an alummus of l'Ecole des Beaux-Arts in Paris, poured fluorescent acrylic colors upon the canvas, designing form s with sketchy lines, transforming Van Gogh's room into a melodrama. The austere master is there, dressed in white monk-like robes, turning his head away from the girl on the bed, who can be said to represent degraded European society deep in the pursuit of pleasure and power. The acid colors of the painting seem to fight each other, dominated by the heavy pink whiteness of the naked body. Behind the lady on the wall, hangs a portrait of Verlaine, a cursed mystic poet of time , and a distorted figure in black, both from Rouault's gravure. In the wide-open window, a landscape of Roualult's appears: "End of Autumn" (1984-52). Beneath the window, a bouquet a la Rouault sits upon the table near a blazing fireplace. The reddish flame from the fire-place serves as the igniting point as well as the stabilizing color-block of the painting. Van Gogh was absent too, leaving only a duplicate of his "Wheat Fields with Crows"(1890) upon the wall. Being religious and ascetic of a sort himself, Vincent perhaps preferred to take a walk outside so as to respect the privacy that Rouault needed. ( T. F. and Julie Chen )
H22 Matisse Revisiting Van Gogh

Chen combines nine artworks in this painting, which depicts a close-up of Matisse's visiting Van Gogh for the second time. Except for a small painting "Character" by Miro and the famous "Bridge of Langlois" and certainly the "Bedroom" by Van Gogh as the stage for this scenario, Matisse has taken over Van Gogh's studio once again, contributing "The Music," (1939) and "Self-Portrait" (1906) as the main figures, as well as three other small artworks on the wall: a monotype, two ink sketches.

The green leaf pattern on both sides of the window is of course that of Matisse, who reduced Western three-dimensional art into two-dimensional decorative expression. Matisse loved color, and using strong and often contrasting tones, he composed boldly with his art. Van Gogh was the precursor of Fauvism, his vehemently expressive colors inspired Matisse and his colleagues to venture into plastical colorful experimentation which often bordered on a kind of Orientalism. The flatness in coloration of prime hues led to a wide variance of spectrum in rich, joyous harmony as manifested in this painting. Indeed, Chen is happy at Matisse's scond visit, a pretext for him to orchestrate yet another organic "appropriation" of iconic "quotations," from some of his favorite artists - Matisse, Van Gogh, and Miro. ( by T. F. and Julie Chen )

H23 Andy Just Left
Van Gogh: "Bedroom of the Artist, in Arles", 1888, Vincent van Gogh National Museum, Amsterdam
Andy Warhol's screenprints: "Marilyn", 1967; "Flower", 1964; "Campbell's Soup Can", 1965; "Cow Wallpaper", 1966; "Mao", 1973; "Dollar Signs", 1981; "Self-Portrait", 1967; "self-Portrait", 1986
Andy Warhol: "Dance Diagram", 1962, synthetic polymer paint on canvas


Chen, playing with the intriguing possibilities of a time machine, has brought to Van Gogh an artist who rocked the aesthetic world three quarters of a century after Vincent's suicide: Andy Warhol, one of the inventors of Pop Art.

In the post-industrial, high-consumption society, everything is designed, from gas pumps to hamburger containers. Soup cans, soap boxes, movie posters, newspaper layouts, signboards, television commercials, snack packages - the list goes on and on of commonplace images that touch the eye so incessantly that the mind tunes them out in selfdefense. The Pop (for popular) artists choose these images for their art to force us to see them and acknowledge their omnipresence. Inadvertently, they became social philosophers - whether of high order or low order is still being debated.

"Pop echoes the homogenized character of the designed environment as contrasted with the highly individualized, egotistic creations of contemporary fine art." (Edmund Burke Feldman, Varieties of Visual Experience. p. 425.)

In filling Van Gogh's bedroom with a composite of Warhol's icons, Chen has created a richer and more exciting painting than Warhol ever created himself.
( by Laurence Jeppson )
H24 American Couple Visiting Van Gogh
Grant Wood: "American Gothic", Chicago Art Institute
Van Gogh: "Bedroom of the Artist, in Arles", 1888. Laren, Coll. V.w.van Gogh
"self-Portrait with Bandaged Ear and Pipe", 1889, private collection.


Similarly interesting is another bedroom piece, American Couple Visiting Van Gogh.

Chen has taken the famous Van Gogh's Bedroom, cut off the doors on both sides, half of the bedstead and most of the wall on the right, and the chair on the left. He has filled the lower left of his rendering with the bandaged-ear Van Gogh selfportrait.

The bedroom windows have been opened inward, and two unlikely tourists look in impassively: Grant Wood's famous icon of the American Gothic farmer and his wife!

This delightful and completely unexpected juxtaposition is characteristic of Chen's work.
( by Laurence Jeppson )
H25 Dreaming Master

On October 23rd, 1886, Paul Gauguin arrived at Arles to join Vincent van Gogh. Much has been written about the relationship between these two eccentric painters, their passionate intense characters, their sharing of the studio in the Yellow House, and their tragic falling out two months later.

In T.F. Chen's "Dreaming Master," Gauguin has his palette in hand, yet his mind seems to be elsewhere. Although Vincent loved Arles with its cultivated fields and splendid flowers under southern Sun, Gauguin dreamed of residing in some exotic paradise, far away from "the corruption of an entire civilization," where one can "penetrate into the very heart of Nature, powerful and maternal." With the power of imagination, Gauguin conjures up a pretty Oceanic Landscape with a mother and child, appearing in the window.

Van Gogh is out, probably painting in the open-air as he loved to do. But he has left a candle burning upon Gauguin's chair for him, as well as a depiction of the Yellow House hanging upon the wall, silently affirming his symbolic presence.

Every artist is a dreamer, each of us looks for our own spiritual haven, our own splendid, glorious inner world that we create, come alive in, die, and become reborn. ( by T. F. and Julie Chen )
H26 Merry Christmas, Van Gogh

The art of Dr. T.F. Chen involves an imaginative creating out of art history with a witty and often humorous presentation, as this happy example attests to. Originally, Paul Gauguin's visit to Vincent van Gogh in Arles ended in conflict and tragedy. On Christmas Eve of 1888, Vincent, out of control, tried to attack his respected artist-friend-guest with an open razor. Unable to do so, Vincent retreated to his room and cut his own ear. The famous "Self Portrait with Bandaged Ear and Pipe" (1888) was painted after the incident.

In Chen's version, we see, in front of the terrace of a night cafe and under a starry night, the bandaged Van Gogh walking side by side with Gauguin. Van Gogh's best friend and neighbor in Arles, the postman Joseph Roulin, follows behind them. A large decorated Christmas tree occupies the right hand side of the painting. Beneath it, a Santa Claus rings a bell and merrily shouts: "Merry Christmas! May Love and Reconciliation bless your heart this night!"

The spirit of Christmas is a universal call to make peace among people. In this "Global Village" of the 21st Century, this kind of love consciousness is of utmost importance; all of our lives depend on it. May Reconciliation and Harmony touch all of our hearts and bless all of humanity! ( by T. F. and Julie Chen )

H27 Gauguin Invited Van Gogh to Tahiti
Van Gogh: "Self-portrait with Grey Felt Hat" (1887)
Gauguin: "Materity" (1896), "Still Life with Apples, a Pear, and a Ceramic" (1889)


Ambroise Vollard (1868-1936), a Parisian art dealer, owned a gallery which became a mecca for advocates of avant-garde painting, including that of Paul Cezanne and Paul Gauguin. In 1936, Vollard reminisced on Gaugin, saying: "To see him, with his great height and arrogant bearing, a fur cap on his head and a cloak thrown round his shoulders, followed by a little half-breed Indian girl dressed in brightly-colore finery, one would have taken Gauguin for some Oriental prince."

After the tragic incident in Arle between himself and Van Gogh, Gaugin nevertheless planned to travel to Madagascar in April, 1890 with Bernard, Schuffenercker, and Van Gogh to create a studio in the tropics. The plan failed due to lack of support, but one year later, Gauguin departed to Tahiti alone and arrived in Papeeti on June 9, 1891.

Gauguin had Indian (Inca) ancestors, and he often dreamed of living a primitive life in a distant paradise. Yet paradoxically, Gauguin was an intellectual, and instead of passionate expression in his art, he preferred poetic symbolism created by lines and colors. Gauguin greatly admired Cezanne's rational structure and orderly style, and commented: " to me, the great artist is the formulator of the greatest intelligence, to whom come the most delicate and consequently the most invisible feelings or translations of the mind."

In his "Gauguin Has Invited Van Gogh to Tahiti," T.F. Chen has just juxtaposed three paintings. In front of Van Gogh's "Self-Portrait with Gray Felt Hat" (1887), we see Gauguin's Cezanne's influenced "Still Life With Apples, a Pear, And a Ceramic" (1889).Behind Vincent, appear two Tahitian natives from Gauguin's "Maternity" (1896)

Van Gogh seems absorbed in thought, perhaps he is pondering the words which Gauguin has written to him in a letter: "I found everything poetic, and it's in the corners of my heart, which are sometimes myserious, that I perceive poetry. Led harmoniously, forms and colors in themselves produced poetry." With respects to his comrade, Gauguin remarked, "Van Gogh, without losing one inch of his originality, [has] gained a fruitful lesson from me." ( by T. F. and Julie Chen )

H28 January 15th, 1991

The 15th day of January in 1991 was a historic day in our time. President George Bush of the United States sent an ultimatum to President Saddam Hussein of Iraq, urging him to draw his troops back from neighboring Kuwait or suffer attack from the United States. Hussein refused, and a war was triggered in the Persian Gulf in less than three days.

At that moment, T. F. Chen was deep into the creation of his "Post - Van Gogh Series." Moved by the tragic incident, Chen finished this painting in 24 hours, entitled "January 15th, 1991." Referring to the masterpiece that Vincent van Gogh had completed just weeks before his suicide, "Wheat Fields with Crows" (1890), Chen imaginatively depicted a combat scene in the sky. Helicopters and high-speed jet fighters crowd the raging yellow-orange sky, as a large egg-white sun witnesses and sets. Beneath the scene, a wheat field quivers, symbolizing the civilized fruition of humankind. Among the furrows of wheat stalks, streams of red, red, red blood run.

The painting bears no signature, it is not an artwork solely produced by Chen. Rather, it can be considered a collective creation by humanity.

In our age of the Global Village, war has become our #1 Public Enemy and the most luxurious game we can not afford. Our age deeply needs a conscious ideology based on Love and shared by all of humanity to guide us towards true reconciliation and an active peace and harmony among all nations.
( by T. F. and Julie Chen )
H29 Bombardment

The inspiration for this painting came from the Persian Gulf War in which the Allied Forces led by the United States army bombarded Iraq.

While deeply involved in the creation of 100 paintings destined to become the "Post - Van Gogh Series," T. F. Chen felt moved to create this painting. As a destructive flurry of bombs explodes unceasingly outside, a ghostly figure bends in anguish, covers his eyes with his hands, and cries. The interior of Vincent's bedroom in Arles serves as the setting. The old man ("On the Threshold of Eternity" painted in 1890 by Van Gogh) sits on a chair with Georges Braque's "Vanitas" (1939) on the table. A pair of discarded shoes, perhaps from a killed family member, perches on an adjacent chair. On the wall near the window, a rough sketch of a mother crying over her dead infant, a la Picasso, hangs. Outside, the bombs continue to fall. The war rages on. A cross and a skull sitting on the table tell their own silent story.

In our age of globalization, with our Global Village, we are all more tightly connected to each other than ever before. With our ever-advancing technology, it has become much too easy to kill so many so effortlessly. Thus, war and peace are now the primary common concerns for all people. So, do not ask for whom the bell tolls, it tolls for us all!
( by T. F. and Julie Chen )
H30 Beautiful Sunrise

Sandro Botticelli's three Graces from "The Primavera" (1484) dance about lightly in front of the dawning sun. The horizon is so near to us that we see nothing but a golden wheatfield in the early morning light. Yet the diligent Vincent Van Gogh is already there, in his straw hat with canvas and paintbox in hand, ready to begin a glorious day of painting in the open-air. Two farmers from Van Gogh's "Work in the Field" (1885) are also present, bending their backs to dig. The clouds above gleam red, announcing a hot day to come.

In Western mythology, the Sun is attributed to Apollo, rater than Venus. By combining Botticelli's lovely dancing Graces with the presence of the radiant sun, Chen has modified Greek mythology for his artistic creation- an asserted freedom of post-modernism. Perhaps with such a celebratory spirit for the glorious day ahead, Van Gogh has envisioned a harvest for his artistic endeavor as well as the influence of his art on generations to come. ( by T. F. and Julie Chen )
H31 Tulip Fields at St. Remy

Vincent van Gogh completed his "Enclosed Field with Young Wheat and Rising Sun" in 1889, while he was in the asylum in St. Remy. Alone in the beauty of Southern France and tortured by his depression, Van Gogh must have longed with all his heart to see Holland again.

In this version, Dr. T. F. Chen has turned the young wheat into prismatic fields of radiant tulips, with two windmills and a house framed among the mountainous landscape. It seems that from the cell of his asylum, Van Gogh's imagination kindles a field of nostalgia with the fragrance and memory of tulip fields in lavish bloom.
( by T. F. and Julie Chen )
H32

Season of Harvest
Vermeer: "The Woman in Blue" (ca 1669)
Van Gogh: "The Reaper" (1889)

Dr. Chen integrates part of Vermeer's masterpiece "The Woman in Blue, (ca 1669)" and a part of van Gogh's "The Reaper, (1889)" to create a new interpretation.

The Dutch lady reads a letter. Perhaps her husband is an explorer, and far away on the sea and letters from him were valued as more precious than gold. Vermeer captures this precious moment under a lucid light, with a Dutch map hanging upon the wall.

In Chen's new version, the Dutch map is replaced by a section of wall tapestry taken after van Gogh's "The Reaper", which depicts the harvest of wheat by a solitary laborer under the summer sun. Van Gogh painted this masterpiece while in an asylum at St. Remy, where the artist, like the laborer, reaped a harvest as well during this most fruitful time in his artistic production. This theme of abundant harvest also corresponds to the woman in blue, who cannot conceal the joyful new life that has ripened within her won belly. ( by T. F. and Julie Chen )

H33

Abundance
Vermeer: "The Milkmaid" (c. 1658-1660)
Gauguin: "Maternity" (1896)
Cezanne: "Still Life with Pot"

The originally Vermeer's milkmaid working in the kitchen is here outside "en plein air" in front of a group of Tahitians. The dignifying Dutch lady concentrated herself in pouring milk into an glass cup on a table full of fruits.

There is a mother sitting down on the ground nursing her baby. Two girls standing aside seem to be her sisters, watchful and protective, guarding the nursing. They carry fruits and flowers, abandant in a tropical paradise where the primitive beauty attracted the European. Colonized or not, the island welcomed outsiders who bring foreign productions to enrich the village.

In this painting, the prople are sharing what they have under an auspicious yellow sky with pink cloud, seen through flowering branches. ( by T. F. Chen )

H34 Village of Abundance

In this painting, Jan Vermeer's "Milk Maid (1656 - 60)" pours milk from a ceramic jar into a bowl atop a table. Freshly baked bread, some in baskets, along with another jar and cloth crowd the small surface. Behind the maid appears a village in Auvers painted by Van Gogh. The bold contrast of red and blue roofs underneath the composition diverts our attention, until it finally rests upon the sunlit maid and her steady pouring.

In Vermeer's original of the Milk Maid, the scene takes place in an ordinary Dutch kitchen. Vermeer transforms the maid's everyday act into an aesthetic masterpiece by his dedicacity in expression of light and shadow. Yet in this painting, Chen moves the kitchen-scene out into the open air, under the strong country sun, so that the bold strokes and vivid colors of Vincent, another Dutch master, can surround the classic rendering of the figure - to reveal a fascinating contrast of taste and style. Yet the juxtaposition of these two differing tastes and styles in extreme co-exist harmoniously in this work, producing philosophical amusement as well as aesthetic enjoyment. May we regard this as an aspect of abundance in Chen's "Neo-Iconography"?
( by T. F. and Julie Chen )
H35

Beloved Letter

( Please refer to H32 )

H36

Singing above St. Remy
Van Gogh: "Wheat Field and Cypress," 1889. National Gallery, London.
Chagall: "The Sources of Music," 1967. Drawings for the paintings at the Metropolitan Opera House, NYC.
"The Triumph of the Music," 1967. Drawings for the paintings at the Metropolitan Opera House, NYC.
"The Concert," 1957. Galerie Maeght, Paris.

Combining Vincent van Gogh's "Wheat Field and Cypress" (1889) of his St. Remy period and musical fairies from Marc Chagall's universe, T. F. Chen has duplicated a "Wedding above Village" in an entirely different light.

Van Gogh's cypresses, olive trees and mountains still remain, yet bright sunshine beams upon them instead of a crescent moon and stars. A ripe wheat field extends on the foreground of the landscape while the original blue-green sky with moving clouds has been replaced by an ocean of radiant light, with Chagall's fairy angels playing instruments and dancing about. The entire painting breathes with a mystical correspondence of color, form, and movement.

Marc Chagall's marvelous artwork with its highly original imagery explores a world of delightful, mystical fantasy. His works celebrate life in a radiant spirituality. As a poet and storyteller in plastic expression, Chagall commemorates our sense of the miraculous and mysterious in life, while embracing the exuberance of nature in Love as this painting of Chen's, "Singing above the Fields," may witness.
( by T. F. and Julie Chen )

H37 Beautiful Sunset

T. F. Chen was born in a small village near Tainan, in the sunny Southern part of Taiwan, Formosa. Fertile land for planting rice and sweet potato surrounded the village. In the 1930's, an irrigation system was installed which enabled three crops to be harvested yearly. On early autumn evenings, Chen loved to take walks through the vast rice fields, to see the golden stalks dancing in waves under a magnificent sunset, such splendid beauty.

While studying in Paris at l'Ecole des Beaux-Arts, Chen made the first Chinese translation of St. Exupery's Le Petit Prince, and published it in 1968. The Little Prince also loved to watch the sunset, which always reminded him of love, care, and hope. In a nostalgic mood, Chen painted this work, chiefly employing images from Vincent van Gogh.

In his "Beautiful Sunset," T. F. Chen transplanted Vincent van Gogh's famous "Church at Auvers" (1890) and placed it in his "Wheatfield with Crows" (1890). A large pale yellow sun lingers low above the horizon, diffusing radiant red, orange, yellow, and white light across the sky, upon the dark-blue church, and over the golden-brown fields of wheat. Small birds flying overhead cast elegant silhouettes against the luminous heavens. A man watches, is it the Little Prince? Or perhaps it is Chen, or perhaps it is you - this solitary figure from Magritte's "The Intimate Friend" (1958) can symbolize anyone - anyone who enjoys the glorious magic of a sunset.
( by T. F. and Julie Chen )
H38

Reaching the Singing Stars
Van Gogh: "The Stary Night" (1889), "Road with Cypress Tree" (1890)

Cypress tree, a kind of green flames toward the heaven in van Gogh's painting may be regarded as his vehement desire toward the climax of a creative life, the effort toward the heavenly holiness through his painting. Been rejected to be even a lay evangelist before he found his vocation to be an artist when he was 27, van Gogh nevertheless looked for God through his landscape, and sometimes psychologically identifying the radiant Sun as the Creator. In his paintings done in Arles, specially at St. Remy, the trees, specially the Cypress were treated like arms from the earth stretching upward to reach the heaven.

In van Gogh's "Road with Cypress Trees" done in May 1890 we have the swirling night sky with stars and the Crescent as in his "Starry Night" painted in June 1889. As for the treatment of the night sky, the former is much more harmonious in rhythm and touch while the latter is more emotional and violent in movement. Surely the "Starry Night" is much more well-known by the public, due to probably the painting is exhibited in the Museum of Modern Art in New York City, while the "Road with Cypress Tree" is shown in Kroller-Muller Museum, deep in the Dutch forest. In fact, both are competitive in expression emotionally and esthetically. It seems that in these two paintings, we "see" a kind of cosmic symphony in progress.

In this new version by T. F. Chen, the night sky in the "Starry Night" replaced that in the "Road with Cypress Tree". Behind the cypress tree stood the Eiffel Tower. It seems we can see the elegant high Tower of Paris from St. Remy, a remote village deep in the South France. The distant between them is shortened, or an illusion of the capital city appears on the horizon of Provence, or the desire of the earth would climb up to the singing stars through the Tower, a vehicle for spiritual Transcendance? The choice is yours, and you may interpretate in your own.

Indeed, the artworks in "Neo-Iconography" open to viewers' interpretations for the completion. Therefore every spectator is a co-creator. ( by T. F. Chen )

H39

Celebration at Night
Van Gogh: "The Starry Night" (1889)

Can you present a rural festival which comes once in a year and transforms suddenly the banal everyday life of the peasants? Chen asked himself, since he had such an experience in his youth. The folkloric theatrical performances and the religious rituals with flamboyant colors, forms, fire crackers and noisy sounds remind in his memory, particulary when he was homesick in Paris.

Miro's extravaganza in his paintings and prints attracted Chen with such a vivacity and joy parallel to a rural festival of yore. Primitive figures, monsters, beings in strong colors and lives, semi-bio-semi-geometic forms, stars, reveries, etc. unveil a landscape of the unkown, of infants, of angels, in its poetic, metamorphic expression; a virgin land of the dream and the unconsciousness in esthetic manifestation.

Chen took the dark village in van Gogh's "The Starry Night" to represent any village, and replaced the starry sky with his invention a la Miro's universe of a celebration-festival of a countryside village when time came to transcend the rural life into a cosmic experience of light and love, birth and death, color and music, dream and illusion, heaven and earth -- the memory of years gone by with its dazzling explosion of fireworks! ( T. F. Chen )

H40
H41
H42
Homage to Van Gogh 1

This triptych of T. F. Chen's "Homage to Vincent van Gogh" is composed of two of Van Gogh's self-portraits and one of his sunflower images, all of which Chen has aggrandized and modified. The enlarged portraits with multi-colored panel backgrounds stand at the left and right, while the large sunflower painting appears in the middle.

Among the more than 2,000 artworks that Van Gogh produced in his lifetime, perhaps his most remarkable and memorable images are his self-portraits and his depictions of sunflowers. Thus, in homage to the great master that inspired Chen to be an artist, Chen has selected these subjects as the basis for his triptych.

Among the 42 self-portraits that Vincent had painted, Chen selected the "Self-Portrait" (1888) dedicated to Paul Gauguin and the "Self-Portrait with Gray Felt Hat" (1887). The first looks like an Oriental face, the second is constructed of short, energetic, expressive color strokes.

Chen deliberately repeated the image of the portrait onto the background as decor. He accomplished this through a multiple block-printing process similar to silk-screen painting, with the help of hand-cut stencils and the direct application of acrylic colors. Thus, Van Gogh's portraits are not only enlarged to a monumental presentation, but also echoed in the background by multiple variants of the same image divided into small panels extending out of the canvas.

Replicating an image through hand-cut screens or photo-screens is a favorite process used by many pop artists, such as Andy Warhol and Robert Rauschenberg. Warhol's most known repetition series are those of Marilyn Monroe, Mona Lisa, Coca- Cola bottles, and Campbell soup cans. His style of art reveals a characteristic of the assembly line, mass productive society of our consumer age, which engraves these popular images into our memory through the force of repetition.

This approach was not invented by Pop artists, however, but dates back to an ancient technique of 9th Century China, where we can find repetitious images of the Buddha in quite a few block-painting illustrations of religious sutras. These omni-present images of the saints, like the mantras chanted unceasingly throughout the temple, were intended to keep the worshipper in the holy mind of the Buddha.

Vincent's magnificent "Sunflower Series" which he accomplished in Arles is a beautiful, glorious contribution to art history. In Chen's version of "Sunflowers," the structure of the bouquet remains the same, but the inside rings of each flower are treated in strong complementary colors of red-green, yellow-violet, and blue-orange. Chen used bands of black and white to accentuate the picture and a background of brilliant orange. This presentation resonates with the style of Chinese folk art, in which prime colors dominate.

Thus, with "Sunflowers" at the center and two of Van Gogh's "Self-Portraits" facing each other on the sides, Chen offers his triptych in homage to Vincent van Gogh, a humble salute to his hero!
( by T. F. and Julie Chen )
H43
H44
H45
Homage to Sunflower

At the age of fourteen, while growing up in rural Taiwan, Chen came across a small library of about 50 books on western art. Upon seeing the work of Vincent van Gogh for the first time, Chen wept and knew then that he was destined to be an artist. In homage to his favorite artist, Chen painted 100 paintings for Vincent van Gogh to celebrate the 100 year anniversary of his death (1990).

"Homage to Sunflowers II" is a beautiful example of Chen's love of color and playful adaptation to his favorite artist. ( by Julie Chen )
H46
H47
No Smoking

T. F. Chen was commissioned in the early 90's to create an artwork raising awareness of cancer prevention. One of the designs that Chen came up with is this "No Smoking" silkscreen in Vincent van Gogh's trademark. Chen newly interpreted the image to fit the screenprinting process and made some modifications to communicate his message.

The originality and charm of this advertisement arises in the usage of a pictorial "icon" familiar to society. Van Gogh's "Self-Portrait with Bandaged Ear and Pipe" has been etched into the public consciousness. In combining the well-known image with the positive message of "No Smoking," the painting wittily and effectively catches the spectator's eye. It is always a delight to perceive a message conveyed through art.

The first number of this "No Smoking" serigraph edition was welcomed by the White House during President Ronald Reagan's administration. ( by T. F. and Julie Chen )
H48

Phone Call on Vincent
Van Gogh: "Portrait of Dr. Gachet," 1890. The Louvre, Paris.
"L'Arlesienne, Mme. Ginoux with Books," 1888. Metropolitan Museum of Art.
"Vincent's Chair with His Pipe," 1888-89. The Tate Gallery, London.
"Gauguin's Armchair, Candle, and Books," 1888. Vincent van Gogh National Museum, Amsterdam.
"Still Life with Coffee Pot," 1888. Private Collection, Lausanne.

The assumptive scenario in this work is: Vincent van Gogh has just committed suicide, and two of his closest friends, Dr. Gachet of Auvers and Mme. Ginoux of Arles are busy sharing the news and lamenting over the tragedy on the telephone.

Dr. Gachet was a fatherly friend and medical advisor to Van Gogh, as well as an art lover and collector in his circle. After calling Theo in Paris and relating the distressing news, Dr. Gachet calls Mme. Ginoux, the proprietress of a coffee shop in Arles where Vincent used to spend hours painting and writing letters. Kind to Van Gogh, Mme. Ginoux had posed for him as he portrayed her thoughtful face and bluish-black dress against a yellow wall. She is so shocked and upset at the calamity that her telephone has turned a bright scarlet color.

Upon Dr. Gachet's table, an orange, a cup, and a glazed pitcher rest; while of Mme. Ginoux' table, we see an orange, a lemon, a brown cup, and a pitcher with checkered pattern. All of these items are actually derived from one painting of Van Gogh's - "Still Life with Coffeepot" (1888), now in a private collection in Lausanne. These shared items from Vincent's painting attest to the personal connection that his two friends had with him. They affirm the sympathetic friendship and sincere concern that Dr. Gachet and Mme. Ginoux felt for Vincent.

The close relationship in strong contrast is paradoxically intense in this painting. The sharp contrast of Dr. Gachet's cornflower-blue background against Mme. Ginoux' saturated yellow wall is the most evident, while the diagonal red table on the left and the round table in deep green on the right contrast each other harmoniously. The two chairs facing each other in their differences echo the meeting of Dr. Gachet and Mme. Ginoux, who are distant yet instantly connected to each other by the phone call.
"Hello! Hello! Is he alright?!"
( by T. F. and Julie Chen )

H49 Van Gogh's Farewell to Eiffel Tower
Van Gogh: "Wheat Fields with Crows", 1890. Vincent van Gogh National Museum, Amsterdam
"The Church at Auvers", 1890. Museum d'Orsay, Paris


Except for the Eiffel Tower only Van Gogh images comprise this stunning painting, one of a series commemorating the centennial of the Paris landmark.

The painting combines three icons: The Church at Auvers; Wheat Fields with Crows; and the Eiffel Tower.

The original wheatfield takes up two-thirds of Van Gogh's canvas, and there are lots of crows. The deep blue sky is turbulent and threatening, despite the bright light of the wheat. Chen's wheat, on the other hand, occupies less than half the picture, which gives his view much more sky. His sky still has its cloud swirls, which seem rolled like harvested hay. The larger sky gives room to dramatize two notable French symbols: the countryside church on the right, and the civil engineer's marvel on the left.

These two symbols are epigrammatic of Chen's philosophical integration. The church plays the role that Buddhas, poets of the moon, and other Oriental objects filled in earlier works: symbol of the spiritual and intuitive (Eastern) side of man. The tower, in contrast, is a manifestation of the scientific, the pragmatic, the material: the epitome of Western culture. Here: the blending of East and West.
( by Laurence Jeppson )
H50 Van Gogh as the Statue of Liberty

In this artwork, Van Gogh IS the Statue of Liberty! In his left hand, the artist holds his palette. In his right hand, he upholds a bright bunch of flowers, too active to be called a bouquet.
This is the lady's birthday! Chen turns Liberty's tiara into Van Gogh's hat, blazing with a birthday extravaganza of seven torch-light candles.

This dynamic painting is a perfect tribute to these three icons: to Liberty, to Van Gogh, and to Chen.
( by Laurence Jeppson )
H51 Street Musician

Deep in the South of France, on the street of Vincent van Gogh's "The Cafe in the Evening" (1888) in Arles, "Three Musicians" (1921) with Fontainebleau masks from Pablo Picasso's Synthetic Cubism appear, playing instruments. To the right, a familiar face from Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec's "Le Moulin Rouge" (1892) pokes out, surprising us by its dislocation.

In September 1888, the pleasure of settling into a new home in the Yellow House, the splendor of autumn, and the anticipated visit of Paul Gauguin all set Van Gogh to work with an ecstatic ardor of creation. "I have a terrible lucidity at times," Vincent wrote to Theo,"when nature is so beautiful as it is these days and then I lose all thought and the picture comes to me as in a dream." Vincent's "The Cafe in the Evening" was born at this time.

Illuminated by a large streetlamp, the cafe terrace may have been the brightest corner in Arles. A boy busily waits upon customers. Some young couples stroll about on the street. The dark houses on the opposite side cut a strong silhouette out of the autumn night, rising up into stars and illuminated windows.

With this background of thick strokes of color and sharp perspective, Chen adds a flat plane of Picasso's three musicians into the foreground. They perform in harmonious virtuosity, as suggested by their organic mingling into a synthetic orchestration of colors and forms. Obviously, Chen has modified their original coloration to match the night lighting. Finally, Toulouse-Lautrec's dramatic face of a night club "vedette" adds an abrupt charm to the composition.

Indeed, such an integration of these three images from three art masters in their different styles to compose a completely new artwork with new meaning is the basis for Dr. T. F. Chen's signature style: "Neo-Iconography." Although it is now possible to formulate such kind of art by computer, Chen initiated his style in 1969, before nowadays computers were invented.

On one hand, we can say that with the proliferation of computer technology, humanity has entered into a post-modern culture. T. F. Chen who initiated his style of pictorial presentation as well as his "Fifth-Dimensional Universal Culture" in 1969 is regarded as an avant-garde of post-modernism.
( by Julie Chen )
H52 Light from Arles

As a Nordic, Vincent van Gogh was like a sunflower chasing the sun. He finally settled down in Arles, a small town in the south of France, where the lights is so translucent and bright., and the landscape so exotic and beautiful that he planned to form a "Studio of the Midi" there, a community for avant-garde artists.

In this painting , the delicate light from Arles shines gently through a window and warms up the corner of a lady's chamber. The enchanting chromatic light touches Jan Vermeers's lady (Young Woman with a Water Jug" c. 1665), who opens her window to welcome it in. Upon the wall, instead of the original Dutch geographical map, we see a part of Van Gogh's "Mme. Ginoux," (1888) a painting of an Arlesienne. it seems that Vermeer's lady is transferred through time to be presented in the age of Post-Impressionism, Van Gogh's time.

Though both from Holland, Vemeer was a contemporary of Rembrandt, and he produced masterpieces in the middle of the 17th Century, while Van Gogh lived in the second half of the 19th century and released a series of artworks in the 1880's. The separation of more than 250 years seem to have disappeared in this painting. In Chen's "Neo-Iconography," the time barrier dissolves. ( by T. F. and Julie Chen )

H53 Children Coming

The curiosity of children is both a blessing and a danger. Obviously, without it, we as humankind could not have progressed, but yet sometimes curiosity can result in catastrophes.

In this painting, some apples, a bottle, a glass and a jar sit high atop a table. Cezanne transforms them into a aesthetic masterpiece entitled: "Still Life with A Peppermint Bottle," (1894) now at the National Gallery of Art, Washington D.C. On the wall, we see two portraits by Van Gogh of the postman family in Arles- the baby Marcelle Roulin and the older child Camille Roulin, with their curious eyes peeping out onto the table. The scene appears intense: at any time, the children might climb up on the table, pull the blue cloth, shatter the glasses- and endanger Cezanne's artwork!

Are you going to stop them? No! They are just juxtapositions of three paintings!

While Vincent was in Arles, no matter how friendly and sincere he tried to be, he encountered great difficulty in making friends. The inhabitants seemed ignorant of art and wary of the artist; they even came to regard Van Gogh as dangerous and signed a petition to intern him by force. Only the Roulins, the postman family, treated Vincent well. Consequently, Van Gogh painted portraits for every member of the family, including the baby and the young boy. Thus, this is how such a humble family received the honor of having their portraits in a museum, and this is why Chen can now compose this new painting out of the Roulins and of Cezanne. ( by T. F. and Julie Chen )

H54 The Railroad Bridge

The Yellow House where Vincent van Gogh settled down to create is quite near the train station. As a traffic necessity, viaducts were constructed at the street intersections.

An aspect of Van Gogh's genius can be found in his choice of a banal motif and then, by his master hand and poetic eye, its consequent transformation into an esthetic revelation. Such is Van Gogh's railroad bridge in Arles, "The Viaduct" (1888). In a letter to Theo, Vincent wrote that he had finished this painting hastily; later on, he added a red spot as the sun above the bridge in diagonal perspective.

In Chen's version of "The Viaduct," the structure and color remain intact. But on the foreground, Cezanne's "Portrait of Victor Chocquet" (1876-1877), his "Old Woman in Coif" (1895-96), his "Harlequin" (1888), and three persons from Aix-en Provence appear. In addition, the walls underneath the bridge are decorated with many eye-catching designs from: "Red, Yellow, Blue" (1962) by Ellsworth, an American artist: "Disc" (1912) by Robert Delaunay; and "Spray" (1962) by Roy Lichtenstein, another American painter. Chen has decorated the other two walls with geometric color fields. Thus, the original sturdy, dark walls have been recreated into brilliant, delightful surfaces.

Pioneering new art movements and welcoming foreign artists to participate and enrich artistic creation, France has always been conscious in decorating the beautiful environment with esthetic inspiration, even in the South and in Cezanne's time, as this painting witnesses.

Vive la France! ( by T. F. and Julie Chen )

H55 Under the Railroad Bridge in Arles

According to Dr. Jan Hulsker, Van Gogh's "Under the Trinquetaille Bridge" (1888) represents a high point in Vincent's oeuvre because of its controlled color and daring, yet balanced composition.

In Chen's version, a comic spectacle takes over the painting. The scene from Toulouse-Lautrec's "Enraged Cow" (1896), in which a mad, provoked bull dashes after a terrified Parisian gentleman attracts the excitement of the passerbys on the bridge. A curious dog trots alongside the well-dressed fleeing man, and the owner of the bull frantically chases the trio. Walking down the steps, a woman with parasol, accompanied by a child (a la Monet) witness the scene. ( by T. F. and Julie Chen )
H56

When Baby is Sleeping
Van Gogh: "La Berceuse," (1888), Museum of Fine Arts, Boston
"Wheat field," (1890), Osterreichiche Galerie, Vienne
Morisot: "The Mother and sister of the Artist," (1863)
National Gallery of Art, Washington D.C.

This painting integrates three artworks: Vinvent van Gogh's "La berceuse (Mme. Roulin)" (1888), "Wheat Field at Auvers"(1890), and Berthe Morisot's "The Mother and Sister of the Artist" (1873).

At first glance, the painting appears to be a genuine artwork, however, we then realize that there are two very different styles and technique coexisting upon the canvas.

The structure of this painting originates from Morisot's artwork, with the artist's mother reading a book and her sister reclining on the sofa. Here, the mother is replaced by Van Gogh's "berceuse" from Southern France. The obscure wall behind the sister is also replaced by a bright painting of Vincent's, a view of wheat fields extending towards the horizon. The two women keep silent, both deeply emerged in their own thoughts.

This new painting can be interpreted as the following story: A peasant from the Midi came to Paris and successfully married a Parisienne. A baby was born to them. One day, the peasant's mother came up from Arles to visit the new family. She brought with her a precious gift - a painting from Vincent van Gogh. Her daughter-in-law welcomed the artwork, framed it and hung it upon the wall for decoration. Nevertheless, the two women found little to talk about. After the newborn baby fell asleep in the berseau, a deep silence fell between the two women - a generation gap as well as a cultural gap - till the cry of the baby pierced the heavy air!

This is Chen's version of the story, what is yours?

H57 Art Watch

Rembrandt van Rijn's "Night Watch" (1642) remains one of the most accomplished art works of Holland in the 17th Century. This work bears witness to the Republican spirit of the citizen which became the foundation of a liberal and democratic government in the age of Monarchs. The same spirit might have developed into a heritage in art, since the small country of Holland has produced so many astounding artists. This can be seen as one of the true prides of the Dutch people.

In this "Art Watch," Chen pays homage to three European masters: Sergeant Van Gogh, who accompanies Captain Rembrandt, who looks like Picasso, for a night watch parade. Together, the three geniuses march deep into art history, spurring worldwide influence, one generation after the other. ( by T. F. and Julie Chen )
H58 Van Gogh Painting Keukenhof Garden

Holland, the motherland of Vincent Van Gogh is famous for her dazzling flowerfields of tulips, hyacinths, and narcissus. Each spring, the flat plains beyond the Dutch dunes witness anew the magic fairytale effect of thousands upon thousands of beautiful flowers blossoming across the land. The Keukenhof Garden in Lisse is perhaps the most famous in Holland for its myriad variations of Bulb-flowers amid enchanting lakes, fountains, trees, and sculptures. It is little wonder that during this season, more than a million tourists and visitors crowd the garden every year to admire the lavish natural beauty there.

Tired of Parisian life and nostalgic for home, Van Gogh is delighted to return to Holland. The beauty of the Keukenhof Garden in the springtime is one of Holland's loveliest and most popular attractions. Here Vincent appears, with his easel and canvas, inspired and happy. He sets up quickly, and then proceeds to saturate his canvas with robust clusters of reds, pinks, yellows, lilacs, blues, and purples, while inhaling the perfumed air. ( by T. F. and Julie Chen )
H59

Van Gogh in Tulip Garden

The tulip garden here is doubtless the famous Keukenhof Garden on Lisse where the most wonderful variations of bulb flowers--tulips, hyacinths, and narcissus--can be found. The bulb industry in Holland possesses a four hundred-year-old history. It started with Carolus Clusius, a horticultralist who came to Leiden from Vienna, Austria in the 16th century, with tulip bulbs in his suitcase. At that time, the tulip was a very luxurious flower that only rich people could afford. Though now popular worldwide, the tulip is considered a trademark of Dutch heritage.

In this painting, Chen installs two images of Van Gogh in the garden: a self-portrait he made in Paris (1886) and his famous figure of "The Painter on the Road to Tarascon" (1888). Perhaps as Van Gogh searches for a view to paint, he also seeks a part of himself, his soul in heritage as well as in artistic creation.
( by T. F. and Julie Chen )

H60 Van Gogh Invited Gauguin to Halland

Vincent Van Gogh and a group of artists from Port Aven reverded Paul Gauguin, and regarded him as a kind of leader of an emerging art movement. Vincent longed to meet the other artists in Britagn who socialized with Gauguin and painted them in an atmosphere of artistic community which he dreamed of so much. Taking a chance, Van Gogh dared to invite Gauguin to Holland, to see at least the blooming extravaganza of tulip fields.

This painting depicts Van Gogh accompanying Gauguin in a stroll to the bulb-growing area. The windmill on the horizon attests to the still, windless day. The blossoming fields stretch widely into a abstract color-field, bound to inspire the two geniuses. Are they ready to paint? ( by T. F. and Julie Chen )
H61

Tulip Field at La Crau
Van Gogh: "La Plaine de la Crau," (1888), "The Painter on the Road to Tarascon," (1888), "Flowerbeds in Holland," (1883)

In Arles, Vincent van Gogh produced many marvelous art works, among them the "Harvest Landscape" (June 1888). This exquisite painting has become one of the most successful and most popular images of Van Gogh, and appears in countless postcards and other reproductions.

Van Gogh composed two pen-and-watercolor drawings of the scene, before painting it in oil. On June 12, 1888, he wrote to Theo: "I have embarked on a new motif, endless green and yellow fields which I have already drawn twice and am not starting on again as painting" (Letter 496). Completed in the region of the Crau in the vicinity of Arles, Van Gogh's "Harvest Landscape" is a panoramic view of pasture with gardens, haystack, houses, carts, farmers, and vast wheat fields extending to the chain of the Alpine Mountains on the horizon. It is warm in color and forceful in perspective. Because of the dry heat of June, the greenery was beginning to look parched. Vincent wrote, "In everything you would say, there is now old gold, bronze, copper, and that, with the greenish azure of a white-hot sky, gives a marvelous color, extraordinary harmony, with broken tints just like in Delacroix."

In Chen's version of the "Harvest Landscape" in la Crau, the golden fields of dry wheat and green brushes have changed suddenly into gorgeous tulip fields exploding in full bloom. Nostalgic, Vincent sees that the landscape in front of him has altered into a panoramic manifestation of color fields as familiar to him as home. The resplendent Dutch bulb-fields in full flowering appear as an ocean of abstracted coloring. Moreover, the enclosed garden at the forepart has changed into part of his "Flowerbeds in Holland" painted 1883 at The Hague, now at the National Gallery of Art, Washington D.C. (Collection of Mr. & Mrs. Paul Mellon). Still more astounding are the three windmills in view. The rest of the setting remains the same; however, deep in the tulip fields, we see a ghostly silhouette of Vincent in straw hat, roaming with his canvas.

The Buddhists believe that the universe can change according to one's mental vision. Van Gogh had always been fascinated by the exotic Far East (such as Japan); perhaps like the Guddhists, our nostalgic Van Gogh has focused his mind of transform the Arlesian wheat fields into an ocean of tulips. ( by T. F. and Julie Chen )

H62 Rothko Using Van Gogh's Studio

Mark Rothko's painting style after 1947 which continued till his death in 1970 distinguished himself from his contemporaries, even from color-field painters and minimalists of the 60's. "I became a painter because I wanted to raise painting to the level of poignancy of music and poetry," Rothko said. He was an immigrant form Russia, once a student at the Art Students League, and a surrealist later as a member of the New York School (which included the likes of de Kooning, Pollock, and Gottlieb).

Rothko's art came out of Modernism with a touch of the Romantic spirit's search for the absolute. His painting style developed form Realism to Surrealism, then into an abstraction all his own. His composition consisted of simplified yet delicately sensual rectangles of color with overlapping or separating margins, producing a sense of light and atmosphere. A space for contemplation, a void to be sensed, an elusive, sublime spirituality - Rotho's art glowed with a mystic radiance!

In his "Rothko Visiting Van Gogh," Chen dramatized the scenario in a close-up setting. The window is closed and the wall is all black, like Rothko's dark panels for contemplation in Houston Chapel, Texas, colored rectangular motifs a la Rothko pulsate on the window, in subtle harmony and contrast, bathed with light. To the right of the window, we see Van Gogh's "Boats on the Shore near Sainte-Marie-de-la-Mer"(1888), extending beyond the canvas. Beneath it, three garments hang on hooks. To the left of the window and reflected in the mirror, we find Rothko in a surreal red tone lighting his cigarette, an image that reveals the artist's presence in the room. Beneath the mirror, a vase and a jar sit atop a table, maintaining the balance of the painting. All of these objects seem to emerge vividly from the deep darkness of the wall, the void, the emptiness that sustains what exists. ( by T. F. and Julie Chen )

H63 Vincent at Hospital in Arles

During his stay in Arles, Vincent van Gogh's health began to fail, especially after his conflict with Paul Gauguin. The stroke Vincent had suffered forced him to stay at a hospital in Arles. As soon as he was able to work again, Vincent painted the hospital with its garden, in oil as well as in ink.

In this painting, "Vincent at Hospital in Arles," Chen has combined a self-portrait that Van Gogh has painted in Paris (summer 1887) with "The Courtyard of the Hospital" (May 1889), which was originally drawn in pencil, reed, pen, and brown ink. Chen has transformed the drawing into oil with reference to the same courtyard painted in oil by Van Gogh. Evidently, the two hospital gardens have been depicted from opposite sides, so that the scene look similar, but reversed in composition. In fact, by studying and utilizing Van Gogh's rough-draft sketches, we can reproduce paintings a la Van Gogh.

In this version of the hospital scene, we see that the different flowers in the garden have been exchanged for tulips- a Dutch national symbol.Whether through Van Gogh's nostalgic eyes or through mysterious magic, the appearance of the familiar blossoms serve to comfort and encourage the artist during his illness. ( by T. F. and Julie Chen )